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Hyderabad encounter Cops should not be spared for acting like lynch mobsters

Hyderabad encounter

AMID the nationwide outrage over the gruesome gang-rape and murder of a young veterinarian in Hyderabad, the Telangana police have shot dead all four suspects in an alleged encounter. Cops claim that they acted in self-defence as the suspects snatched their weapons and tried to escape. Still, doubts are being raised about whether the encounter was genuine or stage-managed. Human rights and women’s rights groups are casting aspersions on the police as well as the state government, accusing them of employing diversionary tactics to cover up their failure to ensure women’s safety. Considering the mysterious circumstances under which the killings took place, a free and fair inquiry should be carried out at the earliest to get to the bottom of the matter.

This gruesome instance of ‘instant justice’ has received widespread public support, with the family of 2012 Delhi rape-murder victim endorsing the police action and urging the authorities not to punish the cops involved in the encounter. The popular sentiment, however, should not be allowed to override the rule of law. The wheels of justice turn very slowly, as Nirbhaya’s parents would aver, but the delay cannot be a ground to justify extra-judicial killings. Only a court could have decided whether all four suspects were guilty. The possibility that they had other accomplices also can’t be ruled out. The killings, which have thrown up more questions than answers, reek of a conspiracy to give a hasty burial to a case that has shown the law-enforcement agencies in a poor light.

Police personnel are duty-bound to uphold the law, no matter how grave the provocation. Cops should be brought to book if they bypass the due process and act like bloodthirsty lynch mobsters. Rooting for them or letting them off for having killed people who ‘deserved’ to die will set a wrong precedent that has no place in a civilised society. All hell will break loose if such a free-for-all is legitimised. Instead, the focus should be on strengthening the criminal justice system so that the fear of the law works as a potent deterrent.

 


The onion republic by Rajesh Ramachandran

Rajesh Ramachandran

The onion republic
Paradox: We have a system wherein the cops guilty of letting a heinous crime happen under their watch, commit another crime, and then get feted for it.

Rajesh Ramachandran

IT is not just the economy that is in a serious state of disrepair, but the rule of law and governance as well. The gunning down of the four accused in the Hyderabad gang- rape and murder case in the wee hours of Friday by the Telangana police only exemplifies the complete breakdown of the justice delivery mechanism in the country. The post-murder slogan-shouting and the public celebration of the cops, who ought to be treated as suspects, suggest a dirty set-up. What is lost in such an instance of mob endorsement is not just the principle of natural justice — it also represents a willing surrender of society’s right to question all acts of violence by the State.

After all, the State derives its right to violence from society, which has over the ages framed definite and distinct boundaries for every act of State violence. Constitutional rights and wrongs cannot be allowed to be abused just because a few people burst crackers, shower flower petals or someone in the crowd lifts up a cop who has probably used disproportionate violence against an accused. All custodial murders ought to be treated in a similar fashion, without assigning a hierarchy of culpability according to the charges levelled against suspects. We live in times when former home ministers get jailed on rape charges, finance ministers for fraud. If the police shoot down alleged rapists today with impunity, citing self-defence, they may shoot down an alleged gangster or fraudster tomorrow, and then pretty much anyone else the day after. This is a scary scenario. The instant justice of the Wild West is best confined to Telugu movie scripts.

Of course, law and order is a State subject and the Hyderabad shootout should be dealt with at the State level. But this is a national issue too. The whole nation has been watching with bated breath the minute-to-minute developments in the murder of the Hyderabad doctor. Thus, the Union Home Ministry needs to intervene to find out exactly what happened. Why did the police open fire? Was it to cover up their negligence in letting the accused slip off from custody? Was it kneejerk reaction, or is it something worse? Did someone get trigger-happy? Did someone decide to dish out instant, on-the-crime-spot justice? Or was there something more sinister involving people other than the cops present at the crime scene? These are questions that affect the Indian State’s credibility. Society cannot lurch from mob lynching to mob justice, and that too at the hands of the law-keepers.From the economy to law and order, the government is slipping on all fronts. Seven years after Nirbhaya, the Union Government has not been able to reform the police to ensure that a heinous crime such as the rape and murder of the Hyderabad veterinarian would automatically get the local police SHO sacked. Instead, we have a system wherein the cops guilty of letting such a crime happen under their watch commit another crime, of losing the accused in custody and gunning them down in ‘self-defence’ — and then get feted for all this.

The ‘shootout’ has for the time being taken the focus away from the big debate over economy that was triggered on Wednesday by two incidents: one, the Finance Minister’s callous remark in Parliament about onion prices and the other, the attack on the government by the recently bailed-out former Finance Minister. P Chidambaram has every reason to be peeved about his prolonged jail stay. Bail and not jail should be the norm in all cases in which issues of the flight of the accused, intimidation of witnesses and tampering with evidence are deliberated and decided one way or the other. However, more than Chidambaram’s credibility as a self-taught economist, it is his record as a member of a Cabinet which presided over policy paralysis and the banking meltdown that casts doubts over his pronouncements.But Nirmala Sitharaman’s statement about onions was indeed uncalled for. This is one vegetable the proud vegetarians of the BJP ought to be wary of. It had cost them the keys to the Capital in 1998 and the party has never been able to recover from the onion shock all these 21 years. Sure, there are no General Elections in the offing now, but there is the Delhi Assembly election around the corner. The Finance Minister could have been more respectful while dealing with this bulb of misery before flippantly terming it an outcast in her kitchen. After all, this is not something that merely adds gravy to mutton do pyaza, it is also the soul of onion sambar and onion oothappam. So, she did not endear herself to the vegetarians either when she said, that too in Parliament, that she comes from a family that doesn’t consume onion and garlic. The caste connotations of this statement would get dissected a lot in the coming days. But more importantly, the statement displays a distinct disdain for the dietary preferences of the non-Brahmin kind.

First of all, the issue was onion and nobody asked about garlic, and Sitharaman’s onion-garlic response was inopportune. But beyond semantics, the issue showed up this Central government as no different from its predecessors it never tires of ridiculing — if there is a price rise, impose anti-hoarding measures, start importing and wait for the next crop. Onion sold by the farmer for Rs 5 a kg is being bought by the consumer at Rs 100 a kg. Between the producer and the consumer — the two most important ends of the agri-business chain — are the inefficient, greedy, manipulative, middlemen-bureaucratic links that corrupt and rob society. The government had an opportunity to intervene in the incompetent procurement, storing, distribution and retailing links and clean them up so that the producers get remunerative prices and the consumers get reasonable rates. But the government’s focus has been on implementing its politico-cultural agenda, which is better known as Hindutva, and not on efficient governance.


When mules had the last laugh

When mules had the last laugh

Brig IJ Singh (retd)

HAVING taken over the division in the Valley in 1969, the General, who was fond of horses and mules, decided that he would first visit our regiment (Mountain Artillery Pack). It was an opportunity for us to showcase our ‘mule power and gun power’.

My well-deserved annual leave on the termination of the Advanced Equitation Course was cancelled with a dictate to report back to the unit with all possible material on animal stock which had been issued to us during the course. In passing, it mentioned that I would be the officer in charge to accompany the General for all matters related to mules and horses.

On D-Day, the briefing by the commanding officer went like a poem. We then moved to the machan, an elevated platform built for the General to watch the six-gun mule battery coming into crash action. Next on the itinerary was a visit to the mangers. The biters and kickers had red ribbons on the neck and the tail, respectively. As the General entered the aisle, I told him, ‘Sir, it is customary to pat the mules on the forehead.’ In the same breath, I warned him not to go near a mule with red ribbons.

It was our bad luck that in the very first shed, a kicker had eaten a biter’s ribbon. As the General patted this monster, his hand was bitten and the watch was gone. Before we could react, the veterinary first aid assistant was applying medicine on the GOC’s hand. About the watch which had gone into the mule’s system, the General remarked that if it was recovered by the next day and that too in a working condition, it should be sent to him to be kept as a souvenir in the HQ with the caption: ‘Wear two watches when you visit a mountain mule artillery unit.’Bitten but not retired hurt, the General insisted that before moving for lunch, he must go through the mangers of all batteries. Lunch proceedings went past the schedule as the GOC said he would like to share a special glass of beer with the battery commander whose animals were visited last.

Later, as the GOC was getting into his staff car, he called for the battery commander, shook hands and then told the commanding officer to ensure that the animals hidden by this gentleman were also fed at the earliest. The General knew that weak animals were not presented for an inspection.

The General had a critical eye for numbers, but the mules had the last laugh with a memorable bite.


Army got leaky artillery shells: CAG

Army got leaky artillery shells: CAG
File photo

Tribune News Service

New Delhi, December 6

The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) on Friday pointed out that the Ordnance Factory Badmal (OFBL) supplied the Army with artillery shells that had leaking explosives.

The CAG in a report presented in Parliament said 155mm ammunition was supplied in March 2009 and March 2010 to the Army by filling it with TNT mix. The Army reported “exudation” – leakage — of TNT mix explosive from the shells of ammunition within their shelf life.This was on account of “setting” the melting point of TNT lower than the specified range. Required test of arriving at “set point” value of TNT in TNT mix was not carried out before filling in shells due to absence of provision for such testing.

The CAG said the Controller of Quality Assurance (Military Explosives), Pune, had not mentioned the “set point” clause in the specifications. The CQA was silent on how, despite having no such checks by the factory, its quality assurance establishment cleared the ammunition for issue to the Army.Finally, lack of availability of test provision for set point of TNT mix led to a loss of Rs 62.10 crore on account of replacement of defective ammunition by the Ordnance Factory Badmal.

The CAG, in a separate case, pointed out to High Explosive Factory (HEF), Kirkee, saying it did not exercise due diligence before concluding a contract (April 2012) for procurement of Ammonium perchlorate (AP) Plant. The selected firm was not technically and financially qualified for this project. The contract was terminated (November 2013) as the firm failed to execute the project. The HEF concluded (June 2015) a contract with another firm at a cost of Rs 28.5 crore for procurement of the same AP Plant.

The Lapse

The Controller of Quality Assurance (Military Explosives), Pune, was silent on how, despite having no such checks by Ordnance Factory Badmal, its quality assurance establishment cleared the ammunition for issue to the Army, mentions CAG report.


Sikh soldiers of two World Wars honoured in Yorkshire: ‘Completed our mission’

Tribune Web Desk
Chandigarh, December 5

A tribute was given in honour of thousands of Sikh soldiers, who fought and died during the World War One and World War Two.

A 6ft-high (1.8m) statue was erected at West Yorkshire, Greenhead Park in Huddersfield for the Sikh soldiers. About £65,000 was raised in donations to build the bronze statue, the Sikh Soldier Organisation told BBC.

The statue was built at Huddersfield due to its “vibrant” Sikh community. A ceremony was held at the park to acknowledge the role of the Sikh soldiers as well as their contribution towards the society. The Yorkshire Regiment shared stills of the bronze statue on their Twitter page.

Along with the images, they wrote: “Unveiling of the #Sikh soldier memorial in #Huddersfield.

Unveiling of the soldier memorial in . Supporting the @yorkshire communities we serve and @LordLtWY @SikhCouncilUK @SikhPA @ExaminerHTAFC @HXCourier @bradfordmdc

View image on TwitterView image on TwitterView image on Twitter

Calling the statue “a stunning sculpture” and an “emotional piece”, Kalvinder Bhullar, of the Sikh Soldier Organisation said, “We’ve accomplished our mission to get the statue put in place. The support has been overwhelming,” the news website reported.

 I’ve come to Huddersfield to see the unveiling of this Sikh Soldier statue to commemorate the thousands of Sikhs who fought and died in two world wars. Full report later on

Embedded video

 Unveiling of the Sikh Soldier Statue in GreenHead Park, Huddersfield 30/11/19. First of its kind in Yorkshire, the statue honours the Sikh Soldiers who served Britain during and .

View image on TwitterView image on TwitterView image on Twitter


High seas Give Navy more funds and ships

High seas

The task of defending India’s maritime borders falls on the Indian Navy. As Navy Day was celebrated, its Chief highlighted the challenges that the force faces in the Indian Ocean and spoke of the need for greater budget allocation. Increasing Chinese presence in the Indian Ocean, as well as aggressive Chinese attempts to find fresh-water ports in littoral states, have been a cause of concern. The ‘String of Pearls’ in the Indian Ocean region has long been a Chinese geopolitical strategic maxim. It has achieved a considerable measure of success in establishing facilities that serve its naval and commercial interests. Chinese presence in Hambantota, Sri Lanka, and its developing the Gwadar Port in Pakistan as a military base have rightly been causes of concern for Indian strategists.

The Navy, therefore, has a significant challenge. It needs more ships, and as its Chief has rightly suggested that even before that happens, upgrade of the existing vessels can go a long way. Admiral Karambir Singh’s practical approach would work admirably since electronic and other enhancements would be force multipliers even as new ships are planned and built. His plea for the restoration of the budget to what it was — 18 per cent of the total defence budget, rather than the present 14 per cent — is also prudent. He is certainly not asking for the moon.

The Navy’s role in defending the territorial waters of the country does not get the attention it deserves. It has played a significant role in wars, including the 1971 Indo-Pak conflict where it got a real chance to show its mettle by blockading Karachi on the one hand, and successfully blockading East Pakistan with the aircraft carrier INS Vikrant on the other. Subsequently, it has been integral to various military operations. It has also carried out humanitarian missions and anti-piracy patrols. The Navy has every reason to be proud of its service to the nation. The need for an adequate budget is a fundamental one and should be fulfilled without much delay.

 


Air Chief Marshal Bhadauria safe, says IAF after shooting incident at Pearl Harbour

Air Chief Marshal Bhadauria safe, says IAF after shooting incident at Pearl Harbour
Air Chief Marshal Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria

New Delhi, December 5

In the wake of a shooting incident in Pearl Harbour shipyard, the Indian Air Force said on Thursday Chief of Air Staff Air Chief Marshal Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria, who is currently in the US military base there, is safe.

The IAF Chief is at the US base in Hawaii to attend a conclave of chiefs of air forces of leading countries to deliberate on evolving security scenario in the Indo-Pacific region.

“The IAF Chief and his team are safe,” said a spokesperson of the IAF.

Another official said while the IAF Chief is staying at the US air force base in Pearl Harbor, the incident of shooting took place in the naval base.

The two places are not close to each other, the official said.

According to reports, a US sailor shot and wounded three people at the Pearl Harbour Naval Shipyard in Hawaii on Wednesday before taking his own life. PTI

 


1984 Massacres Could Have Been Avoided If Narasimha Rao Had Listened To IK Gujral: Manmohan Singh

IK Gujral had told the then Home Minister Narsimha Rao it was necessary for the government to call the army at the earliest.

1984 Massacres Could Have Been Avoided If Narasimha Rao Had Listened To IK Gujral: Manmohan Singh

Former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on Wednesday said that the 1984 massacres in anti-Sikh riots could have been avoided had the then Home Minister Narsimha Rao acted upon Inder Kumar Gujral’s advice.

“When the sad event of 1984 took place, Gujral ji, that very evening, went to the then Home Minister Narsimha Rao and said to him that the situation is so grim that it is necessary for the government to call the army at the earliest. If that advice would have been heeded perhaps the massacre that took place in 1984 could have been avoided,” he said speaking at an event organised to mark the 100th birth anniversary of former Prime Minister IK Gujral.

Singh, a Sikh himself, spoke about his relationship with the former prime minister after the emergency period.

“He was the minister of Information and Broadcasting and he had problems with some aspects of the management of emergency and then he was removed to the planning commission as minister of state. I was then an economic advisor with the ministry of finance… Thereafter our relationship grew”, Singh added.

The 1984 Sikh massacre took place in the aftermath of the assassination of then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi at the hands of her four Sikh security personnel. More than 3,000 Sikhs were killed in the riots across the nation, as per official estimates.

Gujral was the 12th Prime Minister of India in the United Front government between April 1997 and March 1998. He resigned from the Congress and joined Janata Dal in 1988.

One of his most prominent stints included his role as the Minister of Information and Broadcasting in June 1975 when then Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi imposed Emergency in the country.

(With inputs from ANI)


Creating a new framework of civil-military relations

The current model has hurt military effectiveness. The CDS announcement is a historic opportunity to reform it

Anit Mukherjee

Civil-military relations, as the name suggests, is an academic term to describe the relations between civilians and the military. It is a basic feature of a democracy which, by definition, is one where civilians control the military. This is not a matter to be taken lightly, as most post-colonial states have struggled with controlling their military. By this metric, India has much to be proud of, as the military has never threatened the political order, contested coup rumours notwithstanding.

However, India’s model of civil-military relations has overly focused on procedural control, which has come at a cost. Simply put, this form of civilian control has had an adverse impact on its military effectiveness. Perhaps Prime Minister Narendra Modi had this in mind, when he recently announced the creation of the post of Chief of Defence Staff (CDS), which is rightly hailed as among the most notable reform of higher defence organisation.

However, such reform must be accompanied by significant institutional redesigning, including transforming the ministry of defence and the service headquarters. Without this, civil-military relations, as noted by members of the strategic community, will continue to be the primary fault line in India’s national security.

That India has a strange form of civilian control has been noted by almost all scholars who have studied it. In the mid-70s, the late Stephen Cohen noted the paradox of a “crushing civilian dominance over a very powerful and large military”. This aspect was also observed by later generations of scholars and practitioners, including K Subrahmanyam, Stephen Rosen, Admiral Arun Prakash, General VP Malik, Steven Wilkinson, Ashley Tellis, and many others.

In a recently published book, I show how this pattern has adversely shaped five processes most closely associated with military effectiveness — weapons procurement, jointness (defined as the ability of the army, air force and navy to operate together), professional military education, officer promotion policies and defence planning. To uncover these processes, I relied on a combination of archival research and over 200 interviews with politicians, bureaucrats and military officers.

Within the military community, civil-military relations is framed by the leitmotifthat they are under bureaucratic control, and not political control. This refrain captures some of the resentment that military officers feel about having to constantly engage with what they describe as an uninformed and obstructionist bureaucracy. Such a view, however, is overly simplistic as it ignores two essential points.

First, it is unreasonable to expect politicians to gain expertise on military affairs, as politics is a full-time vocation.

Second, democratic civilian control and administrative governance requires a civilian bureaucracy to assist the defence minister in carrying out their duties.

That is not to say that the military’s complaints are totally unjustified. There are enough instances of uninformed civilian officials exerting petty forms of bureaucratic and personal control.

These two different narratives reveal a deeper paradox — that of a suffocating civilian bureaucratic control in some matters, but also too little civilian intervention in others. For instance, in matters pertaining to jointness, officer education, doctrine formulation, and inter-services prioritisation, civilians are invisible in their participation. Author Verghese Koithara’s memorable term, a “depthless interaction” best describes civil-military relations in India.

These problems stem from two essential factors that characterise this interaction.

First is the problem of institutional design. In India’s case, the ministry of defence is almost exclusively manned by civilian officials and is bereft of military expertise. In turn, the service headquarters are almost exclusively manned by military officers and do not allow for adequately qualified civilians to assist them. This arrangement inevitably creates an “us and them” sentiment.

Way back in 1958, the architect of India’s higher defence organisation, Louis Mountbatten, had noticed this peculiarity. In a private letter to Krishna Menon, he had observed that the “Ministry of Defence is full of civil servants with practically no representation from Service Officers at all, whereas the three Service Headquarters appear to have a lot of officers with very little help from the professional civil servants.” Unfortunately, not much has changed over the last 70 years.

The second is the problem of expertise. India’s generalist system of administration does not allow for expertise in its civil servants. Domain expertise has been debated since the First Administrative Reforms Committee in 1967 and has been a frequent bugbear for those studying state (in)capacity in India.

More worrying, however, is how can one grow expertise in military affairs when there is no existing procedure for declassification in the military and defence ministry? Indeed, this seemingly simple bureaucratic procedure is responsible for stifling the growth of strategic studies in India and needs urgent remedy.

Despite much talk, little was done to redress higher defence reforms during the last National Democratic Alliance government between 2014 and 2019. To be sure, there was a definite improvement in the tone and tenor of civil-military relations from AK Anthony’s mishandling of the defence ministry, but structural problems remain.

With the imminent announcement of the CDS, there is perhaps a once-in-a-generation opportunity to address the principal fault line dividing civilians and the military. It remains to be seen, however, if this government can do so.

Anit Mukherjee is the author of

The Absent Dialogue: Politicians, Bureaucrats, and the Military in India (Oxford University Press, 2019)

The views expressed are personal


Rajnath cites perceptional differences behind incursions by Chinese troops

Rajnath cites perceptional differences behind incursions by Chinese troops
Defence Minister Rajnath Singh replies to Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury during the Lok Sabha’s winter session on Wednesday. PTI

Vibha Sharma

Tribune News Service

New Delhi, December 4

Defence Minister Rajnath Singh today told the Lok Sabha that “perceptional differences” between India and China regarding the Line of Actual Control (LAC) at times results in incidents like transgression, incursion and face-off at the border.

However, the Army is fully alert and the border is completely secure, he asserted in response to Congress’ Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury’s observation regarding India’s “soft” stance towards China as compared to “offensive” stand against Pakistan despite Chinese activities along border regions.

According to the Defence Minister, because of perceptional differences, sometimes situation of confrontation arises between the People’s Liberation Army (armed forces of China) and the Indian Army, which is also defused maturely with available mechainisms. “We have several mechanisms to resolve and settle disputes. Whenever such a situation develops, everyone must be aware how maturely the two armies deal with it, without allowing it to escalate. Face-off is not allowed to escalate, at least that is being ensured,” he said.

“Let me assure you that the government is fully alert about the country’s security. Infrastructure like roads, tunnels, railway lines and airfields are also being developed along the India-China border,” Singh said in response to Chowdhury’s criticism of India’s stance on China.

“We are surrounded by two hostile neighbors — China and Pakistan. We can change history but not geography. We raise our voice against Pakistan due to its terror activities and our government deals with their activities strongly. Terrorists are shielded by Pakistan which is further shielded by China,” Chowdhury said,

“If we are so strong in our responses to Pakistan, why the weakness in the way we respond to China. Are we scared of China?” the Congress leader questioned.