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Nuggets from Naga talks

Brig Sandeep Thapa

Brig Sandeep Thapa

EVERY time the media speculates on the contents of the accord signed by NSCN (IM) with the Indian government, it takes me back to those 12 hours in the mezzanine floor of the Military Operations (MO) Directorate where history was first made by debating the proposal of talks with the NSCN.

It was the winter of 1997. I had been in MO Directorate for over two years. My section was dealing, amongst other things, with insurgency in NE states. Those familiar with the ‘seven sisters’ would know how insurgency has rocked all the states some time or the other. Naga insurgency was the mother insurgency, providing training and support.

NSCN (IM) was a very potent group and hence this was a historic opportunity to end this strife. It was not simple though; every time an accord was reached with one group, a breakaway faction would emerge and continue the armed strife. And hence, when this proposal was received from MHA, it was viewed with a sense of disbelief and caution.

The MO Directorate has no fixed hours, your presence in office was required whenever something occurred in your area of responsibility, which, given the country’s size and the Army’s deployment, was 12-14 hours daily. But a call from the duty officer at 8 pm, when you had just reached home and were preparing to reach out for your remote, was a first. “Sir, you are required in office” was the short message.

The entire team was present, my Director (Colonel then, later COAS) and GSO 1. Apparently a section of MHA had reached out to the leadership of NSCN with a peace proposal. The Raksha Mantri (Mulayam Singh Yadav) was to be briefed early next morning on the Army’s views and proposed modalities.

The DDG (Brigadier, retired as a PSO, followed by a stint as Governor) arrived in the next half hour, straight from a party, as was evident from his formal dress. I was at the computer while we decided what needed to be included. As the presentation started taking shape, our Additional DGMO also walked in and another discussion followed. The presentation was suitably tweaked. Around 11 pm, the DGMO dropped in. He approved the presentation layout with a few tips. Just as he was leaving, he remarked, “Arre bhai, the RM’s presentations are all in Hindi. Can we not make this in Hindi?”

Raksha Mantri Mulayam Singh Yadav understood and spoke English but preferred the mother tongue in official work. The only clerk who could type in Hindi was a civilian PA who stayed in Ghaziabad! So English it remained, much to my relief.

Accepting fait accompli, the DGMO’s parting question to the DDG (who would be presenting it to the RM) was, “How’s your Hindi?” “Sir, I am from Meerut” was the brief reply, which satisfied the DG.

Many familiar with Army presentations would know how back-up data slides are more than the actual matter. We finally finished the presentation at 5 am, working non-stop. “The Chief is coming at 7.30 am, the DGMO wants to see the presentation at 7 am, let’s go and change.”

We rushed back home and made it back 15 minutes before the DGMO. He saw the presentation and approved it, having given the broad parameters earlier. No sooner had he finished that the Chief walked in. A second round and discussion followed.

At dot 8 am, the RM, clad in crisp dhoti kurta, walked in with his entourage. As they settled down, the Chief asked him on how he would want the matter to be conducted. “Discuss karte hain,” said the RM. So a one-hour discussion followed.

Much to my dismay, not a single slide was shown. My hard work of the entire night stayed in the computer. I realised though that on issues of national security, a conceptual decision at macro level was required and not details. And a very vital historical decision was taken in that Ops Room that morning.

Tail piece: My director was a participant in the subsequent talks with the NSCN. The other side had a SS (self-styled) Brigadier of NSCN. “Not fair” was my crib to my director. “Sir, this guy was an SS Lt in the early 1980s. So was I and we operated against him. I am still a Major and he’s a Brigadier! Very unfair.”


Army flags off educational tour

Army flags off educational tour

The educational tour was flagged off by Brig KK Singh, Commander Chenab Brigade from Damana. Tribune Photo

Our Correspondent

Jammu, January 20

A national integration, educational and motivational tour has been organised by the Army in Jammu for the children of remote border areas.

The tour was organised by Tiger Division from January 20 to 30th in which 15 schoolchildren were selected. The children will visit New Delhi, Agra and Jaipur where they will get an exposure to historical monuments, educational institutes and war memorial.The tour was flagged off by Brig KK Singh, Commander Chenab Brigade in presence of Sub Division Magistrate, Anil Thakur and Principal Neetu Gandhotra.

These children belong to remote areas of Pargwal region of Jammu district and have been selected to give them an exposure of rich Indian heritage and culture. “This novel initiative will bring these underprivileged children living in remote border areas of Pargwal into the mainstream and encourage them to contribute positively towards nation building.”the Army spokesperson said.


Recruitment begins for 2 exclusive women battalions

Recruitment begins for 2 exclusive women battalions

A woman candidate during recruitment for the post of constable in J&K Police Jammu on Monday. Tribune Photo: Inderjeet Singh

Tribune News Service

Jammu, January 20

The Jammu and Kashmir Police has finally begun the process for recruitment to create two exclusive women constable battalions in Jammu and Kashmir.

In this context, the Police Recruitment Board conducted the tests of candidates from border districts of Poonch and Rajouri at Gulshan Ground Jammu, with females showing great enthusiasm to join the police force.

As per the detailed schedule for the conduct of the physical endurance test (PET) and physical standard test (PST) in respect of candidates belonging to the Jammu province, the candidates from Doda district will appear in tests tomorrow, while the applicants of Ramban and Kishtwar districts will undergo tests on January 22.

Similarly, the applicants of Samba district will be put to test on January 23. The candidates from Udhampur and Reasi districts will give tests on January 24 and 25.

“The test for the candidates of Jammu and Kathua districts will begin on January 27 and conclude on January 31,” an official spokesperson said.


Defence Ministry approves Rs 5,100 crore worth of procurement

Defence Ministry approves Rs 5,100 crore worth of procurement

New Delhi, January 21

In a significant move, the Defence Ministry on Tuesday shortlisted two Indian shipyards and five foreign defence majors for the Rs 50,000 crore project to build six conventional submarines in India for the Navy besides approving military procurement worth Rs 5,100 crore.

The shortlisted Indian entities to construct the submarines, being billed as one of biggest ‘Make in India’ projects, are L&T group and state-owned Mazagaon Docks Ltd (MDL), official sources said.

Adani Defence, which was a strong contender for the project, named as P-75 I, failed to make the cut following a detailed evaluation of eligibility criteria by a high-powered committee, they said.

The mega project is being implemented under the ambitious strategic partnership model under which select private firms are being roped in to build military platforms like submarines and fighter jets in India in partnership with original equipment maker.

The decisions on the submarine project and procurement of military equipment were taken at a meeting of the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) chaired by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh and attended by Chief of Defence Staff Gen. Bipin Rawat.

The five global defence majors selected by the committee for the P-75I project included — ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems (Germany), Navantia (Spain) and Naval Group (France).

Within the next six weeks, the Defence Ministry will issue RFP (request for proposal) to MDL and L&T and the two firms will have to submit their detailed bid within 3-4 months after receiving the document.

Both L&T and MDL will have to select a foreign partner out of the five shortlisted entities.

“The DAC approved shortlisting of Indian strategic partners (SP) and the potential original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) that would collaborate with SPs to construct six conventional submarines in India,” the Defence Ministry said in a statement.

It said strategic partner is expected to play a “transformational role” in building an eco-system in the country, comprising development entities, specialised vendors and suppliers.

The Indian Navy plans to acquire 24 new submarines, including six nuclear attack submarines to bolster its underwater fighting capability.

The Defence Ministry also said the DAC accorded approval for procurement of equipment worth over Rs 5,100 crore from indigenous sources.

These include sophisticated electronic warfare systems for the Army designed by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and manufactured locally by the Indian industry.  — PTI


Army jawan, SPO killed; 2 militants gunned down in J-K’s Pulwama

Army jawan, SPO killed; 2 militants gunned down in J-K’s Pulwama

Security personnel stand guard near a site of a gun battle between suspected militants and government forces at Khrew area of Pampore in Pulwama district. AFP

Srinagar, January 21

An Army jawan, a special police officer (SPO) were killed and two militants were gunned down on Tuesday in an encounter in Jammu and Kashmir’s Pulwama district, police said.

The encounter broke out in the district’s Khrew area when the security forces had launched a cordon and search operation, a police official said.

SPO Shahbaz Ahmad was killed on the spot while the jawan was injured during the gunfight and succumbed to the injuries later, he said.

According to reports, police had a specific input about the presence of militants at Zand village of Tral.

The area was cordoned off and a search operation launched. A contact was eventually established with the militants, who were hiding in a house that led to the firefight.

This is the second major encounter in Kashmir in the past two days.

On Monday, three militants were killed in Shopian, including top Hizbul Mujhahideen commander Wasim, Adil Bashir and Jehangir.

Wasim was involved in the killing of eight people, including four security men in the Valley. —Agencies


Disclosure of information in NPR voluntary: MoS-Home Reddy

Disclosure of information in NPR voluntary: MoS-Home Reddy

Muslim community people wave tri-colours during a protest against CAA, NRC and NPR at Shivajinagar in Bengaluru on Tuesday, January 21, 2020. PTI

New Delhi, January 21

Amidst strong opposition by some non-BJP ruled states, the Centre on Tuesday made it clear that the disclosure of information in the National Population Register (NPR) exercise is not mandatory but voluntary.

Union Minister of State for Home G Kishan Reddy also said the NPR was first initiated by the Congress-led UPA in 2010 and it was a constitutional obligation.

“Disclosure of information in NPR is voluntary only,” he told reporters here.

A few state governments have declared that they will not participate in the NPR exercise, saying it is prelude to a countrywide National Register of Citizens

Reddy said since NPR is a constitutional obligation, state governments should not oppose it.

The minister also said the central government will keep sensitising states about various aspects of the NPR exercise that will be carried out along with the house listing phase of the Census 2021 from April 1 to September 30, 2020.

A few state governments have declared that they will not participate in the NPR exercise, saying it is prelude to a countrywide National Register of Citizens (NRC).

West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee has appealed to her counterparts in the northeast and non-BJP states to carefully study the NPR form, its questions and criteria before taking a decision on updating it.

Dubbing the exercise as “a dangerous game”, Banerjee said the form, which seeks birth details and residential proof of parents, was nothing but a precursor to NRC.

The Kerala government has announced that it will implement the census exercise but will not cooperate with the NPR.

At a recent special cabinet meeting of the Kerala government chaired by Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan, it was decided to communicate to the Registrar General of India (RGI) and Census Commissioner about the state’s opposition to the NPR.

“As the NPR is a process that leads to the NRC, there is a sense of fear among the people. If the NPR and NRC are implemented in Kerala, it will lead to widespread anarchy. That is the experience of the state where the NRC was implemented,” said a statement released by the Kerala Chief Minister’s Office.

At a meeting of about 20 opposition parties led by Congress president Sonia Gandhi about a fortnight ago, it was decided that the parties will urge all chief ministers who have decided not to implement the NRC in their states to also consider suspending the NPR enumeration “as this will be a prelude to the NRC”.

The NPR is a register of usual residents of the country. It is being prepared at the local village/sub-town, subdistrict, district, state and national levels under provisions of the Citizenship Act, 1955, and the Citizenship (Registration of Citizens and Issue of National Identity Cards) Rules, 2003.

For the purposes of the NPR, a usual resident is defined as a person who has resided in a local area for past six months or more or a person who intends to reside in that area for the next six months.

The data for NPR was last collected in 2010 along with the house listing phase of the Census 2011. The data was updated in 2015 by conducting door to door survey. The government had then asked details like Aadhaar and mobile number of residents.

This time, the information related to their driving licence and voter ID card may also be gathered. PAN card details will not be collected as part of this exercise.

The law compulsorily seeks to register every citizen of India and issue a national identity card.

Assam has been excluded from NPR because the NRC exercise has already been conducted in the state.

The demographic details of every individual are required for every usual resident: name, relationship to head of household, father’s name, mother’s name, marital status, spouse’s name (if married), sex, date and place of birth, nationality (as declared), present address of usual residence, duration of stay at present address, permanent residential address, occupation, educational qualification.

The Union Cabinet has approved Rs 3,941.35 crore for the NPR exercise. — PTI

Despite protests, CAA will not be withdrawn: Amit Shah

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Sergeant killed in Siachen cremated; Rs 12L relief for kin

Sergeant killed in Siachen cremated; Rs 12L relief for kin

Our Correspondent

Hoshiarpur, January 19

Havildar Baljinder Singh of Tanda’s village Jahura lost his life while on duty at Siachen glacier.

The deceased was cremated at his native village with military honours. Baljinder, son of the late Gurbachan Singh, was a Havildar (Sergeant) in the second Sikh Light Infantry.

Havildar Baljinder Singh

The Army contingent paid their last salute to the deceased by firing bullets and reversing their weapons. Singh is survived by his mother Kunti Devi, wife Pardeep Kaur and four-year-old twin sons.

Chief Minister Capt Amarinder Singh’s political adviser Sangat Singh Gilzian, on behalf of the state government, announced a financial assistance of Rs12 lakh — Rs5 lakh to the family of the deceased, Rs5 lakh for a plot and Rs2 lakh to the mother of the deceased soldier — and a government job to one of the family members.

The cremation was attended by Gilzian, Hoshiarpur ADC Harpreet Singh Sudan, SDM Dasuya Jyoti Bala, Deputy Director of Defence Welfare Services Col Dalwinder Singh and Naib Tehsildar Onkar Singh.

CM condoles soldier’s martyrdom

Chief Minister Captain Amarinder Singh on Sunday condoled the death of a Punjabi soldier, who had lost his life in line of duty at Siachen glacier in Ladakh district on Friday. Captain Amarinder expressed grief and extended his sympathies to the bereaved family of Havildar Baljinder Singh. “The eternal sacrifice of the valiant soldier at 19,000 ft altitude in harsh and cold conditions will be remembered by one and all,” a spokesperson said.


CDS Rawat says difficult to predict war possibility with Pakistan

CDS Rawat says difficult to predict war possibility with Pakistan

Chief of Defence Staff General Bipin Rawat addresses at the induction ceremony of the first Sukhoi-30MKI fighter aircraft squadron at the Thanjavur airbase. PTI

Thanjavur (TN), January 20

Chief of Defence Staff Gen Bipin Rawat on Monday said it was very difficult to predict if a scenario of a war with Pakistan would emerge or not but all the defence services were prepared to take on any challenge.

The top general, who inducted the Sukhoi-30 MKI squadron here, was responding to a question about any possibility of a war emerging between India and Pakistan.

“All the defence services are tasked to be prepared for any option that may emerge. It is very difficult to predict a scenario. But, we are always prepared for any task that may be assigned to us,” Gen Rawat said.

The Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) said his new role was aimed at integrating defence systems and the three services (the Army, the Navy and the Indian Air Force).

It was for this reason the post of CDS was created, he said.

“…we will keep moving towards better integration and jointness,” Rawat, who was appointed the country’s first Chief of Defence Staff on December 30 last year, added.

On strengthening the Air base here, Air Chief Marshal Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria said it will undertake the role of the southern peninsula’s air defence.

The Indian Air Force commissioned a squadron of Sukhoi-30 MKI at the Air Force Station here, the first such base in south India for the high-profile fighter jets, seen as a game changer in guarding the strategically important Indian Ocean Region (IOR).

The ‘Tigersharks’ squadron of Sukhoi-30 MKI jets integrated with the BrahMos cruise missiles was inducted in the presence of the Air Chief and top officials.

The Su-30 MKI is a state-of-the-art all weather multi-role fighter aircraft capable of undertaking varied air defence, ground attack and maritime missions.

Rawat also downplayed the question of China’s growing presence in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) and said every nation looked at its security from a strategic perspective.

Gen Rawat, answering a question on how Chinese presence in the Indian Ocean posed a threat to India, said every nation looked at its security from a stratgeic perspective.

While the squadron here is expected to give a thrust to India’s capabilities for dominance especially in the IOR, China’s presence in the same region is on the rise.

The Dragon nation already has a military base at the strategically located Djibouti at the horn of Africa, its first in a foreign nation, and it is also looking at expanding its presence.

“Every nation looks at its security from a strategic perspective. Oceans are meant for freedom of navigation. And therefore wherever you find any country which has interest in a particular area, it will attempt to come to that area to dominate the area more so for the freedom of navigation,” he told reporters.

Further, pointing to aspects like protection of trade in sea routes by any country, he said: “Therefore, I don’t think we should look at it particularly from that perspective (a pointer to perceived threat from China).” Also, he said the navies were operating in this area (indicating IOR) only because of freedom of navigation.

The top general also referred to facets like piracy that can disrupt movement of merchant ships. — PTI


Women CRPF bikers to make R-Day parade debut with daredevil stunts

Women CRPF bikers to make R-Day parade debut with daredevil stunts

BSF Daredevils motorcycle stunt team during the rehearsals for the upcoming Republic Day parade at Rajpath in New Delhi. PTI

New Delhi, January 20

An all-woman bikers contingent of the CRPF will make its debut and showcase daredevil stunts at the January 26 Republic Day parade at Rajpath, officials said on Monday.

The 65-member team will display its acrobatic skills on 350cc Royal Enfield Bullet motorcycles towards the end of the over 90-minute-long parade.

“It will be the first time that our women bikers are going to be a part of the Republic Day parade.

“This squad was raised in 2014 as part of our commitment to involving women in all spheres of duties rendered by us,” CRPF spokesperson Deputy Inspector General (DIG) Moses Dhinakaran told PTI.

The contingent will be commanded by Inspector Seema Nag, who is posted with the Rapid Action Force (RAF).

The RAF is the special anti-riots combat unit of the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), which is the world’s largest paramilitary force with about 3.25 lakh personnel in its ranks.

The members of the squad have been specially chosen by CRPF trainers and are in the age group of 25 to 30.

They are drawn from various combat ranks of the force, another official said.

This women bikers team, the official said, had performed at the birth anniversary celebrations of country’s first home minister Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel on October 31 last year at Kevadia in Gujarat. The event was attended by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

In 1986, the CRPF had raised the first armed women’s battalion in the Asia region and at present it has six such units with over 1,000 personnel in each.

At this year’s Republic Day parade, the all-woman CRPF contingent is expected to present as many as nine acts of daring bike riding and conclude by forming a human pyramid on multiple motorcycles.

At the 2018 parade, a women bikers team of the Border Security Force (BSF) had made a similar debut.

In 2015, women marching contingents of Army, Navy and Air Force had debuted in the national parade.

According to tradition, the BSF and the Army’s bike-borne daredevils end the Republic Day parade every alternate year riding their roaring bikes.

This year, the opportunity has been given to the CRPF women personnel, the official said. — PTI

 


SC order gives govt a way to retreat from its militaristic approach to Kashmir issue

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On August 5, district magistrates invoked Section 144 CrPC and imposed restrictions on movement and public gatherings. (REUTERS/Danish Ismail)

Jammu and Kashmir was closed down on the evening of August 4, 2019. The assault on human rights began that night. The new team that had taken over — the Governor, advisors, the Chief Secretary, the Director-General of Police etc — had scant respect for the Constitution of India.

On August 4, 2019, mobile phone networks, Internet services and landline connectivity were discontinued in the Kashmir Valley. Restrictions on movement were imposed. On August 5, 2019, Constitutional Order 272 was issued by the President stripping J&K of its special status and applying all the provisions of the Constitution of India to the proposed Union Territories. On the same day, district magistrates invoked Section 144 CrPC and imposed restrictions on movement and public gatherings. Hundreds of political leaders and activists were detained. Three former chief ministers were detained— and are still in custody — without charges.

Ms Anuradha Bhasin, Executive Editor of Kashmir Times, Mr Ghulam Nabi Azad, MP, and others challenged these restrictions in the Supreme Court. Apart from the contention that the fundamental rights of the petitioners had been breached, Ms Bhasin contended she was unable to publish her newspaper and freedom of press had been contravened.

On September 16, 2019, the Supreme Court ordered that the state government “keeping in mind the national interest and internal security shall make all endeavours to ensure that normal life is restored in Kashmir”. As feared, normal life was not restored. On October 10, 2019, the Court recorded the submission of the Central government that some restrictions “have been relaxed”. Effectively, however, there was no interim order that the Central and state governments were obliged to comply with, and the conditions in J&K, particularly in the Kashmir Valley, remained the same.

Issues and answers

The cases were heard on several days, judgment was reserved on November 27, 2019, and pronounced on January 10, 2020.

The Court had framed five issues. Let me give a snapshot of the issues and the answers given by the Court:

1. Can the government claim exemption from producing the orders under Section 144 CrPC?
Ans: NO

2. Are freedom of speech and freedom to carry on business over the Internet fundamental rights?
Ans: YES, under Article 19(1)(a) and (g), respectively, and every order suspending Internet shall be reviewed within 7 days (and periodically within 7 days of the previous review).

3. Is access to Internet a fundamental right?
Not answered.

4. Whether the restrictions under Section 144 were valid?
Ans: After stating that the power is preventive and remedial, that the order must balance the rights and restrictions based on the principle of proportionality and that repetitive orders cannot be passed, the Court directed the state/authorities “to review forthwith the need for continuance of the orders”.

5. Whether freedom of press was violated?
Ans: After examining the doctrine of “chilling effect”, and considering that the newspaper had resumed publication, the Court held “we do not deem it fit to indulge more in the issue than to state that responsible governments are required to respect the freedom of the press at all times”.

Striking a balance

The findings of the Court — and the reluctance to render findings on some issues — were not surprising. At the very beginning of the judgment, the Court had made its approach clear: “Our limited scope is to strike a balance between the liberty and security concerns … we are here only to ensure that citizens are provided all the rights and liberty to the highest extent in a given situation while ensuring security at the same time.”

During the period from August 4, 2019, to January 13, 2020, when the government was maintaining so-called ‘normalcy’, 20 civilians and 36 militants were killed and eight security personnel lost their lives.

As you read this column, restrictions continue on Internet, on movement, on public gatherings, on political activities, on speech and writing, and on visitors to the Valley. Political leaders continue to be in custody without charges. So, has anything really changed after the judgment?

Benjamin Franklin said “Those who would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety”. The context was different; nevertheless that quote has become a classic whenever there is a conflict between liberty and security. Would the conclusions have been different if the Court had kept as its guiding principle the dictum of Benjamin Franklin?

Will anything change?

The Court’s judgment gives the government a way to retreat from its authoritarian and militaristic approach to the Kashmir issue — but I doubt the government will take that route. The judgment also gives hope to the seven million people of the Kashmir Valley that their freedoms will be restored — although there is no sign yet of that happening seven days later.

The Respondents (Central and the Union Territory governments) are unhappy that their actions will constantly be subject to judicial review. The Petitioners are unhappy that they have got no real relief, only propositions of law.

More could have been done by the Court, as in the Privacy case (Justice Puttaswamy). An opportunity was lost. Maybe more will be done at the next hearing of the case (you bet there will be an action for contempt) or at the hearing of the next case. Sometimes, the law
can disappoint.