Oct 2, 1904-Jan 11, 1966

Sanjay Khurana Tribune News Service

Lal Bahadur Shastri, the second Prime Minister of India, was a symbol of simplicity, humility and integrity. Born on October 2, 1904, in Mughalsarai, Uttar Pradesh, Shastri played a pivotal role in shaping modern India. His leadership and policies have left a lasting legacy, inspiring generations to come.

Shastri was born to Sharada Prasad Srivastava, a school teacher, and Ramdulari Devi. His father passed away when Shastri was just a year old, leaving his family in financial hardship. Despite these challenges, he was determined to pursue education.

He dropped his surname, ‘Srivastava,’ at a young age as a statement against the caste system. After completing his primary education in Varanasi, he joined Kashi Vidyapeeth, where he earned the title ‘Shastri,’ meaning ‘scholar.’ This became synonymous with his identity.

Shastri was deeply influenced by the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi and joined the Indian freedom struggle in 1921. He actively participated in movements such as the Non-Cooperation Movement, the Salt Satyagraha and the Quit India Movement, enduring imprisonment several times.

As a close follower of Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru, Shastri emphasised the principles of non-violence and self-reliance. He also worked to promote khadi and swadeshi products, embodying the ideals of self-sufficiency.

After India gained Independence in 1947, Shastri joined the provisional government, serving in various capacities. As the Union Minister of Transport and Railways, he introduced reforms, including the provision of third-class compartments in trains and better amenities for passengers.

He later served as the Minister of Home Affairs and established a reputation for his administrative skills, honesty and dedication. In 1964, following the death of Jawaharlal Nehru, Shastri was unanimously chosen as India’s second Prime Minister.

His tenure as Prime Minister, though short, was marked by significant achievements. One of his most notable contributions was his leadership during the 1965 Indo-Pak War. His slogan, ‘Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan’ (hail the soldier, hail the farmer), captured the spirit of India and emphasised the importance of defence and agriculture.

Shastri also laid the groundwork for the Green Revolution, which transformed India’s agricultural sector and addressed food shortages. He encouraged farmers to adopt modern techniques and work towards self-sufficiency in food production.

Known for his simplicity and modest lifestyle, Shastri lived in a small house, shunned extravagance and upheld ethical standards in public life. His integrity and humility earned him immense respect across political and social spectrums.

Shastri passed away on January 11, 1966, under mysterious circumstances in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, after signing the Tashkent Agreement to resolve the Indo-Pak conflict. His death remains shrouded in controversy, but his contributions are celebrated nationwide.

His life and work exemplify selflessness, dedication and patriotism. His legacy continues to inspire leaders and citizens, reminding us of the power of honesty and hard work in nation-building.

Shastri was a leader who connected deeply with the masses, championed national causes and upheld the values of simplicity and integrity. His life remains a testament to the ideals of humility and perseverance in the service of the nation.